Material Guide

Essential knowledge for every trader. Understand the materials you sell.

Core Material

Plywood

Plywood is an engineered wood made from thin sheets of veneer stacked together. It is the most common material used in furniture due to its strength and resistance to cracking.

Common Types

Standard Sizes

The industry standard sheet size is 8 ft x 4 ft (32 sq.ft). Other common sizes include 7x4, 8x3, and 6x4.

Alternative

MDF & HDF

MDF (Medium Density Fiberboard) is made by breaking down hardwood or softwood residuals into wood fibers and combining them with wax and resin binder.

Unlike plywood, MDF has no grain, making it easier to cut and paint. It is cheaper than plywood but less durable against water. HDF (High Density Fiberboard) is simply a denser, harder version used for flooring.

Technical Guide

Understanding Plywood Grades

Choosing the right plywood grade is critical for longevity. Here is a technical breakdown:

1. Commercial MR Grade (IS 303)

Moisture Resistant plywood is bonded with Urea Formaldehyde resin. It is suitable for internal use (wardrobes, ceilings) where humidity is low. It is NOT waterproof.

2. BWR Grade (IS 303)

Boiling Water Resistant plywood uses Phenol Formaldehyde resin. It can withstand water exposure better than MR grade and is ideal for semi-outdoor furniture and kitchen cabinets.

3. Marine BWP Grade (IS 710)

Boiling Water Proof is the gold standard. It withstands 72 hours of boiling water without delamination. It is strictly recommended for bathrooms, ship-building, and areas prone to direct water contact.

Surfacing

Laminate Thickness & Finishes

Laminates (Sunmica) are decorative sheets overlayed on plywood. They range from 0.8mm to 1.25mm in thickness.

Mathematics

The Patti Calculation Formula

Patti (Beading/Margin) is unique because it is sold by **Running Feet (Rft)**, unlike Plywood (Sq.Ft) or Laminate (Sheets/Nos).

Example Calculation

Scenario: A customer buys 5 bundles of Teak Wood Patti.

  • 🔹 Bundle 1: 10 pieces of 8 ft = 80 Rft
  • 🔹 Bundle 2: 12 pieces of 7 ft = 84 Rft
  • 🔹 Bundle 3: 5 pieces of 6 ft = 30 Rft

Total Rft: 80 + 84 + 30 = 194 Rft

Price: If rate is ₹15/rft, Total = 194 × 15 = ₹2,910

*Note: Many traders incorrectly try to convert this to Sq.Ft. Do not do that. Running feet is a linear measurement.

Industry Insight

Manual vs. Digital Inventory: The Real Cost

For decades, timber traders have relied on the "Red Book" (Chopda) system. While reliable for basic accounting, it fails during inventory valuation. Here is why modern traders are switching:

Feature Manual Method Digital (Zero-Knowledge)
Stock Valuation Guesswork based on "Average Purchase Price". Precise Weighted Average Cost updated instantly.
Cut Pieces Often ignored or lost, leading to 5-10% revenue leak. Tracked as specific sizes (e.g., 4x4) and re-sold easily.
Search Speed Requires physical warehouse check (20-30 mins). Instant search by Thickness, Brand, or Grade (2 seconds).
Technical Guide

Understanding Lumber Calculations (CFT)

Cubic Feet (CFT) is the standard volume unit for wood logs and cut sizes. Getting this wrong means losing money on every sale.

The Formula

(Length × Width × Thickness) ÷ 144 = Area (Sq.Ft)
(Area × Thickness_in_Inch) ÷ 12 = Volume (CFT)

Common Pitfalls

  • Inch vs. Foot Confusion: Often Length is in Feet but Width is in Inches. Always convert everything to inches first if unsure.
  • Rounding Errors: Traders often round off 1.25 CFT to 1.2 CFT. Over 1000 sheets, this is a massive loss. quickChallan calculates up to 4 decimal places for accuracy.
Legal & Tax

GST Compliance for Plywood Traders

India's GST regime requires specific HSN codes for timber products. Incorrect classification can lead to penalties.

HSN 4412

Plywood, Veneered Panels, & Laminated Wood.
Most common code. Taxed usually at 18%.

HSN 4407

Sawn Wood / Timber.
Wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled. Tax varies.

*Disclaimer: Tax laws change. Always consult your CA. quickChallan allows you to set custom Tax Rates per item.

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